Why do cats have paw pads? Scientists have provided an explanation.

Cats possess numerous external features that endear them to humans. Many people are particularly fond of the pads on these animals' paws. But what is the actual purpose of these features for cats? The answer lies in millions of years of evolution, as noted by Live Science.

Paw pads are not exclusive to cats; they can also be found, in various forms, in other members of the carnivorous taxonomic order, which includes dogs, wolves, bears, raccoons, and otters, says Jonathan Losos from Washington University in St. Louis.

These pads likely emerged about 50 million years ago, coinciding with the appearance of carnivorous species. According to Losos, this adaptation primarily serves a similar purpose across these animals.

The inner part of the paw pads in cats is made up of fatty tissue associated with collagen, giving them softness and elasticity while helping to absorb shock waves. Researchers have found that these pads become firmer under compression, which aids in cushioning a cat's landing. At the cellular level, cat paw pads are filled with elliptical pockets of fat that absorb energy and prevent instability during landing.

Additionally, the pads on cats' paws help provide better traction on surfaces. Without them, cats, dogs, and other members of the carnivorous order would slip on various surfaces.

According to animal behavior consultant Amy Shojai, much like human fingers, the pads on a cat's paws are highly sensitive. Cats can detect slight temperature changes through their pads and are very responsive to different textures.

The phalanges of a cat's toes are also one of the few areas on their body that contain sweat glands. Shojai explains that when cats experience significant stress, they may leave damp paw prints behind. This sweat on their paw pads can assist in regulating body temperature to some extent.

Scientists state that the color of a cat's paw pads generally reflects the color of its fur, which is influenced by the amount of melanin in that area. Darker fur corresponds to black or brown pads, while lighter fur corresponds to pink pads. Similarly, multi-colored cats may have pads of various colors on their paws.

Shojai advises cat owners to monitor the condition of their cats' paw pads. Since they serve vital functions for cats, issues like color changes, swelling, or excessive dryness are compelling reasons to visit a veterinarian.

Losos notes that research indicates that the pads on cats' paws are an evolutionary achievement, refined over millions of years to optimize their hunting and survival abilities.