One heals, while the other harms: researchers have discovered unusual properties in dairy products.

A recent study by scientists has revealed a link between the regular consumption of dairy products and lower blood pressure, while also noting associations with less favorable changes, such as an increase in cholesterol levels. By understanding both the positive and negative aspects, researchers hope to develop more personalized recommendations that take into account various health issues faced by individuals, writes Health.

The researchers analyzed data from over 2,800 adults aged 18 to 80 and found that those who frequently consumed dairy products had lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure compared to those who rarely included such foods in their diet.

The findings presented at the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics conference on food and nutrition and published in the journal JAND highlighted the role of dairy products in blood pressure regulation, an issue affecting approximately 120 million Americans alone.

At the same time, the study also identified an increase in triglyceride levels in the blood and a decrease in high-density lipoprotein (HDL), commonly referred to as "good" cholesterol, among those who frequently consumed dairy products, indicating that the relationship between dairy and heart health is not one-sided, clearly outlining the potential harms of their consumption.

High blood pressure is one of the primary risk factors for numerous cardiovascular diseases, including heart attacks, strokes, and heart failure. The study's author Saiful Singar, a doctoral student in the Department of Dietetics at Florida State University, noted that the beneficial effects of dairy on blood pressure may be attributed to bioactive peptides that inhibit angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) or the presence of minerals such as calcium, potassium, and magnesium in dairy products.

However, the observational nature of the study makes it difficult to establish a direct causal relationship, as factors such as self-reported consumption of such foods may influence the results. Additionally, the impact of dairy on cholesterol levels remains somewhat unclear: saturated fats found in full-fat dairy products have long been associated with harmful cholesterol levels, although new studies suggest that full-fat dairy may not have as negative an effect as previously thought.

Experts point out that the type of dairy products consumed may play a significant role in these outcomes. For instance, whey protein has been shown to reduce triglyceride levels more effectively than casein, another milk protein, although both can affect lipid levels after consumption. Furthermore, the "dairy food matrix" — the combination of fats, proteins, and bioactive components in dairy products — may also differently influence lipid metabolism.

These findings illustrate the complexity of studying the role of dairy in metabolism and cardiovascular health, where researchers find both positive and negative attributes for each benefit. Despite the conflicting results, dairy products are still often recommended as part of a balanced diet due to their rich nutrient content, including calcium, protein, and magnesium.

Nutrition experts, such as Lindsey Malone, RDN, from Case Western Reserve University, advocate for the consumption of low-fat dairy products, particularly from grass-fed cows, to maximize nutrient intake while minimizing calorie consumption and unwanted elements.

Cardiologist Brian Downey, MD, emphasized that low-fat or fat-free dairy products can be consumed in moderation as part of an overall healthy lifestyle, which also includes regular exercise, adequate sleep, maintaining a healthy weight, and avoiding tobacco and excessive alcohol consumption.

In countries with high dairy consumption, such as Finland and the Netherlands, lower levels of hypertension are often observed compared to global averages. However, individual health outcomes depend on overall dietary patterns and lifestyle, further highlighting the importance of a varied diet and the practice of general health-promoting daily habits.

This material is for informational purposes only and does not contain advice that may impact your health. If you are experiencing issues, please consult a professional.