Without singularity: physicists have discovered that quantum gravity solves the mystery of black holes.

Physicists have developed a new model for the formation of black holes using pure gravity, without the need for exotic matter. This new model challenges previous theories and brings us closer to understanding the true nature of spacetime. The research has been published in the journal Physics Letters B, as reported by SciTechDaily.

Understanding how singularities can be resolved within the framework of quantum gravity remains one of the biggest challenges in theoretical physics. Now, however, the authors of the new study have made a significant discovery. They have demonstrated for the first time that black holes can form solely due to gravitational effects, without requiring exotic matter, as current models suggest. This finding offers a new pathway to understanding the quantum nature of gravity and may alter our perception of spacetime.

Exotic matter refers to a type of matter that possesses properties not found in ordinary matter. Exotic matter has negative energy density, creates repulsive gravitational effects, and can violate certain energy conditions in Einstein's general theory of relativity. Although exotic matter has never been observed, it is used to explore potential wormholes, the possibility of space travel at superluminal speeds, and the resolution of black hole singularities.

The new mathematical model developed by physicists indicates that pure gravity, without exotic matter, can create ordinary black holes without singularities. This discovery significantly simplifies the conditions required for the formation of regular black holes. According to the physicists, their model is based solely on modifications of Einstein's equations, which are naturally predicted by quantum gravity.

At the same time, the new theory is applicable to any spacetime that consists of five or more dimensions. However, physicists state that the same conclusions should apply to our ordinary four-dimensional spacetime, which includes three spatial dimensions and one time dimension. The authors of the study note that it is still unclear how the universe prevents the formation of singularities, but they believe that the new model will help clarify this.

As part of the study, physicists also examined the thermodynamic properties of the ordinary black holes created using quantum gravity and found that they comply with the first law of thermodynamics. According to the researchers, the new theory not only predicts the existence of black holes without singularities but also helps to understand how these objects form and the fate of matter falling into a black hole.