Dating back to the Neolithic era, Croatian researchers have discovered ancient artifacts on the island of Šćedro (photo included).

Recent excavations on the island of Šćedro, located south of Hvar, Croatia, have provided a fresh perspective on the prehistoric past of the island. Researchers working in the Ratina cave uncovered evidence of human activity dating back to the late Neolithic period. This discovery has pushed back the timeline of the island's settlement by nearly 3000 years earlier than previously believed, writes Arkeonews.

Archaeologist Grga Novak first documented signs of habitation in the Ratina cave in 1923, having found fragments of Iron Age pottery. However, recent excavations led by Kantaras Du, in collaboration with the Association of Friends of the Island of Šćedro and the municipality of Jelsa, have altered historical interpretations.

As a result of the excavations, researchers discovered 250 ceramic shards, 97 fragments of animal bones, 109 shells and sea snails, as well as four flint tools. Charcoal samples collected from the excavation site are undergoing radiocarbon analysis to determine precise dates.

Among the key finds are ceramic fragments, 67 of which exhibit distinctive features of hemispherical bowls. These vessels, adorned with geometric patterns and ring-shaped rims, correspond to the Hvar culture that existed between 5000 and 4300 BC.

This prehistoric group, known for its unique pottery, stone tools, and early agricultural practices, played a crucial role in the trade networks of the eastern Adriatic. The ceramics found in the Ratina cave closely resemble those from the Grapčeva caves on Hvar, indicating connections between prehistoric settlements in the region.

Analysis of the artifacts suggests that the stone and flint tools originated from other Adriatic islands and mainland areas, pointing to maritime trade routes that connected Hvar, Korčula, Pelješac, and other regions.

The location of Šćedro along important sea routes likely made it a key site for prehistoric communication and trade. The data obtained suggest that the Ratina cave served either as a permanent settlement or a seasonal refuge.

Current research will expand the excavations to the surrounding plateau—an area that may provide additional evidence of prehistoric life. Future studies may also shed light on the later phase of the Hvar-Nakovan culture, which remains poorly documented.

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